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Regulatory & Compliance

Practice area

UAE financial-services regulation runs on two levels — the onshore federal regulators and the financial free zones — with the federal anti-money-laundering regime over all of them. We advise across the Central Bank, the CMA (formerly the SCA) and Dubai’s VARA onshore, and the DFSA and FSRA in the DIFC and ADGM, including on matters that also touch India. Three of these frameworks were replaced in 2025–2026, so the starting point is always the current law.

The framework we work in
Central Bank, CMA & VARA
UAE: Onshore federal regulators and Dubai's virtual-asset authority
DFSA & FSRA
UAE: The DIFC and ADGM free-zone regulators
Federal AML
UAE: One federal AML law, applied through the free-zone rulebooks
India & UAE
Cross-border regulatory matters handled by one team
02 — One framework, several regulators

The same activity can sit under very different rules.

Whether a business answers to the Central Bank, the CMA, VARA, the DFSA or the FSRA turns on where and how it operates — onshore or in a free zone, and in which activity. Getting that perimeter right at the outset decides the applicable law, the licence and the supervisor, and it is the question we are asked most often.

Onshore & federal

The Central Bank (banking, payments, insurance), the CMA (securities, formerly the SCA) and Dubai’s VARA (virtual assets) regulate activity in the wider UAE outside the financial free zones.

The financial free zones

The DIFC (regulated by the DFSA) and the ADGM (regulated by the FSRA) run their own common-law regimes for the firms established within them — distinct from the onshore regulators.

Cutting across both

The federal AML regime, sanctions and the goAML reporting channel apply across the whole country; data protection and virtual-asset rules track the centre a firm operates in.

03 — How we help

From authorisation to enforcement defence.

Perimeter & licensing

Working out which regulator applies, and obtaining the right authorisation — onshore (CBUAE, CMA, VARA) or in the DIFC or ADGM.

AML & financial crime

Risk assessments, programmes, MLRO support, sanctions screening and goAML reporting under the federal AML law and the free-zone rulebooks.

Data protection

Compliance with the DIFC and ADGM data-protection laws, including for businesses processing data across the centres.

Virtual assets & fintech

Licensing and compliance under VARA, the CMA’s onshore regime, and the DFSA and FSRA virtual-asset frameworks.

Enforcement & investigations

Responding to DFSA, FSRA, CBUAE, CMA and VARA investigations, penalties and enforcement action, and to remediation directions.

Cross-border, India–UAE

Coordinating UAE regulatory work with the Indian dimension — cooperation between authorities, cross-border enforcement and asset tracing.

Our regulatory work is led from the firm’s Regulatory & Compliance team, working across India and the UAE.

04 — Common questions

UAE regulation, answered.

Who regulates financial services in the UAE?
It depends on where you operate. Onshore, the Central Bank (CBUAE) regulates banking, payments and insurance and the Capital Market Authority (CMA — formerly the SCA) regulates securities, with VARA regulating virtual assets in Dubai. In the financial free zones, the DFSA regulates the DIFC and the FSRA regulates the ADGM. The anti-money-laundering regime is federal and applies across all of them.
What changed in UAE financial regulation in 2025–2026?
The securities regulator, the SCA, was reconstituted as the Capital Market Authority (CMA) with effect from 1 January 2026; a new Central Bank law (Federal Decree-Law No. 6 of 2025) came into force on 16 September 2025; and a new federal AML law (Federal Decree-Law No. 10 of 2025) came into force on 14 October 2025. Cite the current instruments rather than the superseded ones.
Onshore or free zone — which regime applies to me?
That is the threshold question. Onshore activity falls to the CBUAE, the CMA or VARA; firms in the DIFC and ADGM answer to the DFSA and the FSRA respectively. We help identify the correct perimeter before you license, launch or market, because it fixes the applicable law, the licence and the supervisor.
Does the UAE federal AML law apply in the DIFC and ADGM?
Yes. Anti-money-laundering law is federal and applies across the whole UAE; the DFSA and FSRA supervise it within their zones through their own rulebooks. The substantive law, the sanctions lists and the goAML reporting channel are federal.
Can one team handle a regulatory matter that touches both the UAE and India?
Yes. Our cross-border India–UAE presence means a single team can coordinate UAE regulatory work with the Indian dimension — cooperation between authorities, cross-border enforcement and asset tracing — rather than separate advisers in each country.
05 — Where to start

Not sure which regime you are in?

Proactive compliance, investigations and penalty matters across the UAE’s regulators. A matter that also touches India is run as a single relationship across the corridor.

Proactive compliance

Licensing & compliance

Identify the right regulator and licence, and build a compliance programme — onshore (CBUAE, CMA, VARA) or in the DIFC or ADGM — before a problem arises.

Get compliant

AML & financial crime

Anti-money laundering

The federal AML regime across the whole UAE — obligations, supervisors, goAML reporting and the 2025 changes — and how the DIFC and ADGM rulebooks sit over it.

Understand AML

Not listed, or more complex?

Contact us

We act for clients in both jurisdictions through offices in the UAE and India.